Arab report: 5 obstacles facing Biden bill for the establishment of an Iraqi federations

Arab report: 5 obstacles facing Biden bill for the establishment of an Iraqi federations

09/10/2014 (00:01 pm)

Baghdad / term

A report released in Cairo, this week, that the application of the model as a solution that protects federal regions in Iraq stretching from the fundamentalist, and stop the sectarian conflict “still faces multiple hurdles, including the fear of division.”

Facing application option Federal problematic distribution and sharing of resources and revenues as the oil plays a very important role and will continue to be a central element in the equation of dividing Aloqalیm.obhsp report issued by the Regional Centre for Policy Studies, the Vice President Joe Biden, brought in (August) last put his project, which was presented in 2007, about the need to implement a federal system in Iraq, after the political and security crises encountered in the recent period, due to the escalation of the conflict between the Iraqi political forces around the prime minister, and the success of the “Islamic State” (Daash) in control of some of the major cities in northern Iraq.
Numerous obstacles
But still the possibility of applying this proposal, which sparked debate inside and outside Iraq, linked to the ability to Cope with a package of obstacles that is most prominent in the spread of sectarian conflict, and the absence of consensus on the proposal, not only between communities and each other, but also within each range on the unit, and overlap Sectarian between different regions, and the problem of the distribution and sharing of resources and revenues, and conflicts of competence expected between the central government and the regions.
The focus of Biden’s proposal on the establishment of a federal system effectively by establishing three regions of each of the Shiites, Sunnis, and Kurds, ensuring shared equitably revenue between each of the regions of the three, as it would allow the establishment of structures of security stationed locally, such as the National Guard to the urban population, in order to prevent expansion planning Daash in various cities and provinces of Iraq.
Washington announced its readiness to assist the rehabilitation of Iraq and for the application of this model, which comes, according to Biden, as part of Washington’s position in support of the unity and integrity of the Iraqi territories.
Obstacles
But the application of this federal model, according to the American perspective, faced with numerous obstacles, including the spread of sectarian conflict, which resulted in the widening scope of violence and murder on the basis of creed, caste, especially between Sunnis and Shiites.
Perhaps the sectarian nature of the model proposed federal, according to the vision of America, will contribute to the consecration of the concept of sectarianism and increase the frequency of conflicts, especially with the refusal majority of Shiite forces of this proposal, as will reduce the political gains obtained in recent years, based on those forces that ” Option federal Introduction to divide Iraq. ”
Among other obstacles to the application of the federal lack of consensus within the communities themselves, While in favor of the Islamic Party, which represents the political arm of the Muslim Brotherhood, the federal project in addition to some tribes, opposed by the Muslim Scholars Association, which is one of the biggest opposition forces, and considers the introduction a genuine process of dividing the country .
The overlap of the sectarian structure and population between different regions, an obstacle to federal, although focused Shiites in the south and Sunnis in the center, and the Kurds in the Kurdistan region, which is located in the northern and eastern areas, but that does not deny that the demographics, sectarian and geographical distribution seem more complex, where communities overlap in many areas, especially in Baghdad, and the demarcation lines which may arise between each two regions, which could give rise to many crises, and contribute to further instability.
Wealth
The report revealed that the application of choice Fed faces a problem of distribution and sharing of resources and revenues, since oil plays a crucial role, and will remain a central element in the equation of dividing regions, according to the model Federal arises, where are concentrated majority of the oil fields in each of the areas of the North and Northeast, which are subject to control mainly Kurds, and southern regions, which is concentrated Shiites, while less quantities in central Iraq, where the main year, and perhaps the most prominent confirms that the recent dispute between Erbil and Baghdad government, about the style and method of exporting oil. Thus, the adoption of the federal model, according to the American launch, possibly preventing access to a solution that satisfies all parties on how to manage the issue of oil so that it can be reflected negatively on the situation of political stability in the country.
And faces the option Federal obstacle conflicts of competence expected between the central government and the regions, where stands the issue of determining the terms of reference and powers and how they are distributed between the center and the regions, in the light of the case of duplication, which look like some of Establishments, and represent forces “Peshmerga Kurdish” model has, as practiced those forces play an important role in currently escalating confrontations with Daash Qaeda fighters, after it caused the collapse of the army and police forces of the central government in enabling this organization to control large areas in the north.
Accordingly, it will become difficult to open a file arming “Peshmerga”, which is understood by the new Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi well, when he said, in August (August 2014), that “arming the Peshmerga had been in coordination with Baghdad.”
It seems that that problem will be repeated in the field of foreign policy, especially with the direction of the Kurds, who have formed in recent years, a network of regional alliances independent of the state.

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