Where are the advantages and disadvantages of entering Iraq to the World Trade Organization?
Where are the advantages and disadvantages of entering Iraq to the World Trade Organization?
03/04/2014
Writing and photography / Faris Al-Shammari is still a difference in the feasibility of Iraq’s accession to the World Trade Organization to exist between the various levels of government and economic elites and professional organizations representing sectors of the variety of private sector and since 2004 has been accepted Iraq’s request to join as an observer, and since then rolled meetings by the national committees negotiating with representatives of the organization are still questions revolve in various forums about the feasibility of joining and the statement of pros and cons on the reality and the future of the economy and Iraq .. * this framework and within the project of dialogue between the public and private sectors proceeded Iraqi Businessmen Union in collaboration with the Center for International Private Enterprise organizes conferences and seminars discussion dealt with ways to revitalize the Iraqi economy and the advancement of the system of banking and market economy, and came up with recommendations involving scientific experts and representatives of the ministries and deputies, academics and professional organizations, local and international. Today Baader Union held a seminar economic quality of the feasibility of Iraq’s accession to the World Trade Organization and discuss the pros and cons and the national budget .. For more information about the objectives and themes symposium said Union Dr. Abdul Muti pumice official Advisory Service, where he occupies Iraq now recipe observer member of the organization and means it as to create himself to join the organization and has already participating in three rounds of negotiations, most recently in 2013 and held for this purpose (30) meeting and a panel of local and holds today an expanded meeting with the participation of experts and specialists and officials from the public and private sectors .. and about the general attitude of WTO accession explained pumice .. most economists want to better integrate into the global economy because it would increase the flow of information and technology, goods, services, capital and ideas, but this desire accompanied warned in the ability to participate fully in the global commercial activity. He added .. Yes Iraq has taken steps toward the liberation of the Iraqi market is that we did not get the results we expected, a condition feared to lead to impatience social .. including how long we remain a market for foreign goods, and we do not have an active role in world trade in order to achieve satisfaction of social? But this caution Aaghei global need for the existence of a global trading system Agreed .. and that requires negotiation and have a way to reach an agreement delicate and keen to achieve national interests within the framework of a universal joint. Here, he says pumice .. useful guided strategy of the private sector in Iraq for the years (2014 2030), which believes that the private sector is integrated at the local and global markets, including product quality, competitiveness and attractive investment environment for capital, domestic and foreign. * in the word Opening the head of the Union of businessmen Mr. Reza Ragheb Blibl seeks our union to hold a series of meetings highlighting the suffering of our economy and putting it on the line of a market economy gradually so as to create the rudiments enter Iraq to the World Trade Organization, and our union has visions and positions including both positive and many negative. So the duty of specialists enter the organization, which is chaired by the Minister of Trade and the formation of a committee to negotiate and we are privileged to attend Vtlort our point of view about the Commission’s work and feel that have the efficiency and expertise and information .. Our position is part of the attitude of the private sector and the sub-committees. Because we feel that Iraq must be immune, and we are working on changing the laws of the totalitarian regime, this is the terms of the organization must be re-examined them .. The focus from here to that available climates appropriate to pursue Iraqi economy discreet .. and about the role of the state and the Economic Commission noted Blibl to the importance of supporting state economic sectors, especially the agricultural initiative and the benediction of its support since 2008 and its positive results and we hope to have industrial initiative which we presented to the Prime Minister on February 14, 2014 to represent its role in the provision of goods and goods and services and the duty cycle of the country and continue to demand laws that limit the work of your activity .. The head of the Union in his belief that we have many difficulties that did not pay attention to it .. and we have to work to change the equation of the reality and the work of the private sector for the benefits instead of being damaged .. negotiate professionally .. * For his part, reviewed the director of the Center for International Private Enterprise Mr. Mohamed Alaa El Din Center’s activities and support since 2003 for many organizations and business associations in order to develop their own institution and its role influential in the economic process, including several programs and agendas of business across the provinces and the Kurdistan region and Matlaha of meetings to rally support for the implementation of the reforms .. have concluded that the programs as a whole need to activation of dialogue between the public and private sectors and legislative reform, which aims to find a work environment and encourage the private sector gives him the opportunity to participate actively in the economic and social development, similar to the States that the private sector is an important partner and influential role in economic decision-making. He Aladdin .. that Iraq’s accession to the WTO may become necessary, especially since the identity of the Iraqi economy in the new Iraq is a free market economy which is guaranteed by the Constitution .. The WTO accession advantages and positives of the most important benefit from the technological advances of the member states and to the benefit of the productive sector of the Iraqi and allows his ability to compete in the future, taking into consideration the difficulties and potential losses initially, this is in addition to the opening up of Iraq on the global markets and investors, capital and integration with the global financial system and attendance at international forums and move the Iraqi economy, which suffers from isolation for a long time ..! He said the center’s director to phrase the problems encountered in the production sector, Iraq imports almost everything and exported crude oil only, and it Vontsab Iraq of the organization placing the current economic will make it a market for products member states without contribution in export and production. So we negotiated a highly professional manner to get the gains of Iraq, taking advantage of exceptions Available spaces preferential to developing countries, should be on Iraq advancement sector productivity and encourage the export and re-Iraqi products for the domestic and international markets and visit their competitiveness and activate Laws stalled relevant before joining the organization .. especially that join the current situation will saddle product Iraqi weary mainly of dumping and the inability to compete with imported products. He called at the conclusion of his speech, also to restructure the Iraqi economy in the sectors of industry, commerce, agriculture, services and reform of economic system. efforts and attempts to join the educated * at the symposium representative of the Ministry of Commerce, director of the World Trade Organization from the Department of Foreign Economic Relations and a member of the National Committee of the negotiating team, Mr. Tharwat Akram Salman The paper reviewed the request for Iraq to join officially in 2004 and the same year he was admitted to the meeting of the Organization as an observer and then also the formation of the National Commission on joining headed by the Minister of Commerce and members of other ministries, the private sector and the number (35) members. As was lifted notes and questions and inquiries reciprocal since 2005 and began working group meetings the first years 2007 and 2008 and added .. requirements the current stage for Iraq and it completed initial commitments for trade in services file, and then complete the initial bid for the tables of goods with the member states, so as to create the negotiating team of Iraqi and prepare to enter into bilateral negotiations art .. and accept Salman .. benefits and positives of joining the Iraq .. concentrated stimulate the Iraqi products to develop their competitiveness in goods and services, with the availability of many opportunities and vast investment will lead to increased employment opportunities and reduce unemployment and increase the number of jobs that already exist, and increase foreign investment works to fill the need for capital and thus reflected positively on the increased balance of Iraq’s hard currency, and raise the level of growth in the gross domestic product of Iraq, Faalandmam will help double the trade and reduce costs and stimulate the economy .. and increased commercial activity will increase the resources of the State of income taxes, both on companies or individuals and an increase in revenues of customs and fees .. Another benefit adds Salman .. join means the flow of expertise and modern technology and methods developed in the administration and the level of services, and business services, and also allow the organization to the protection of goods and local products from harmful practices in international trade and allowing the development of the restrictions against imported goods that lead to prejudice Palmoizian trade and balance of payments, or the increase in imports unjustified and allow to issue the necessary legislation to anti-dumping, and also allow the organization to promote censorship and control and broad preventive measures on the entry of imported materials in order to minimize the consumer goods Alrdih imported from origins unknown thus contributing to the protection of the consumer, and joining will lead to encourage Iraq to develop a good foundation for economic reform, legislative and orientation to build strong institutions and effective increase the efficiency of the state, as the laws are clear and regulations transparent adopted by the organization will reduce the chances of corruption .. and thus will be available for Iraq ruled fair and equitable in the case of entry dispute commercial with a Member State through the resolution of conflicts in the organization .. In addition, the membership will make Iraq a participant in the policy-making world trade and not a receiver to it. * With regard to the most important challenges of the accession of Iraq said the representative of the ministry said that the estimated negative impact not something easy and requires in-depth studies of the activities of commodity production and service and over and over Taqlmh with the requirements of the global trading system, as well as unequal economies of Iraq in the industrial and agricultural sector will not qualify to compete successful with the products of many of the member states, and thus Faalandmam may impose abandon some policies about the laws currently in force, as the reality is a fragile industry, agriculture, and weakness in front of the competition commodity and service with goods and services enshrined may lead to the closure of some factories and companies vulnerable uncompetitive, and here he adds Salman us that Antba Policy burning stages and scrambling to join without accounts deliberate and the level of awareness and media including Heya this organization .. and the effects that the reality of commodity production and service is still underdeveloped and lacks Rkanz and infrastructure sober for the advancement of it, whether at the level of legislation or the application as well as the weak performance of other activities to help which reflected negatively on the reality of the private sector, which was characterized by immaturity and the inability to the possibility of playing the role assumed his current stage .. Ironically, the three * economic expert, Dr. appearance of Mohammed Saleh addressed in his paper to the adoption of Iraq since 2003, the policies of openness and wide around the world and sought to establish economic rules and important legislative work according to the mechanics of the market system. He adds that all this is not enough to put Iraq on the path of international economic competition, as there are still more than (5) Thousands text of legislative texts impeding economic freedom and market activity, holds the legal community today studied and modified in order to enable Iraq to integration in trade, investment, international and prepare to join the organization in accordance with the terms of its membership in order to get our country on the MFN and national treatment principle. On the paradoxes or problems joining other showcases in favor of the paradox of oil and says, at the time, which is dominated by the oil production on the proportion of about 60% of the components of GDP, but he does not use only 2% of the labor force Iraq while the labor force we are only 22 % of the total population of able and willing to work, which means there is an imbalance vast installed in wealth-producing human and ability to invest, especially the labor force feminist ones that suffer neglect, ignorance and illiteracy .. While constitute the country’s exports of crude oil and its revenues vast proportion of total exports and budget revenues public and the proceeds of the country’s foreign exchange, and over all, exclude the Organization of crude oil being a commodity within the range of goods traded internationally, is a matter which remains the core of the contradiction in Iraq’s accession to the organization which excludes crude oil. even allowed the organization to enter the oil account to leave Price is determined by supply and global demand away from the cartels or consumer groups and represented the International Organization for Energy and its lines and programs to rationalize the demand for oil or away from the cartel or gatherings producers actress Organization (OPEC) and its role in the legalization of the production and the impact on prices, something that put limits price and quantity of a commodity commercial, but strategic and political at the same time, which is the driving force behind the trade of Iraq’s foreign. * and related irony of Agriculture, Saleh said: We find the agricultural sector, which includes one-third of Iraq’s population and about 22% of the labor force actual does not contribute to GDP, but by no more than 5 7% at best, making the country a semi net importer of food or agricultural commodities .. and adds this important sector, which was the militarization and neglect over the past thirty years, does not have the ingredients sufficient in providing food security of grain or production requirements of agricultural after shrinking agricultural areas producing due to desertification and salinization, and poor infrastructure that has overcome the disabling of more than 80% of the arable land. Here, contrary to the agricultural sector, with the oil sector structural trends in opening up to the global market and different wings of where the impact of the benefits and costs of trade. It has become the market forces of supply and demand or global controls strongly, both in the demand for oil and its impact on the value of Iraqi exports or in the presentation of the food and the impact on the cost of imports, including Iraq. On the philosophy of reducing the restrictions of customs adds an economist favor when you return to this matter and the conditions imposed by the World Organization Member State in the group of developing countries to work out and apply during the period of 6 years, as well as reducing farm subsidies (13.3%) and for (10) years collide these conditions with market conditions and the exchange of agricultural nutrients. If we consider the monopolies the world’s agricultural front of the deterioration of agricultural development in Iraq, we find a real threat to food security, restricting the country in the case of WTO accession unless preceded by a start racing or walk in the agricultural program for self-sufficiency and we really will need a green revolution along the lines of what was done by Mexico and the countries of Latin America .. * As regards the paradox of services and the development of Iraq Saleh said, saying: paradox in our economy rentier higher consumption of limited growth in the sectors of services and merchandise with the exception of the oil sector, which here is similar to developed countries without the availability of the production base of services and this has become Iraq imported a net of services the outside world and by as much as 7 to 9% of GDP and about 36 percent of Iraq’s imports during the period 2009 20013 with the offer that the services sector in the composition of the GDP of Iraq (except oil) accounts for 6066% of the total that output and most These services are not directly related to production real is a marginal sector to closely economy rentier and intrudes on the surplus operations .. It is known that most of the major industrial countries is still a monopoly of about 50% of the major services and sensitive and did not leave for developing countries only produce services marginal meager .. but there are countries from South Asia and Africa have moved once to the progress and growth of the booming services sector, such as India, Sri Lanka and Nepal, as rising productivity in the service to three times the productivity of the industrial sector which increased the growth rate in GDP of 6% in 1985 to more than 10% in 2008, and note the countries in southern Africa have increased exports of services to the nearly 25% of GDP. So become services, skills and requirements the basic service being reperfused in Iraq by import thick of her subject in formations price of what is the case in developed countries, rapid growth across the hypothesis of one price, something that made a paragraph local services lose their comparative advantage of her and their replacement Balastairadat service. * concludes Dr. favor of all that display of paradoxes .. that Iraq remains isolated from Mahtah international without the availability of an atmosphere to interact with the market the hybrid constitutions and international, including the World Trade Organization will cost him a lot because of the loss of the benefits and opportunities for organizational and benefits of technological, legal, investment and arbitration and to ensure that intellectual property rights and to address the plunging commodity , the opportunities that are not afforded his isolation from the world, the organizer can not be of a gradual shift to the group of countries stable and low-risk and aspiring to shift towards openness systematic world .. taking into consideration the importance of what would be provided by joining of providing protection for the work force Iraqi expatriate working outside the country and appreciates more than a million and a half million workers spread mostly in the first world .. including the problems inherent in the intellectual property rights paralleled at the same time capital of Iraqi expatriate and is adrift and exposed to the likelihood of exposure and narrow your chances of legal defense of their rights as well as weak bargaining power in the protection of their funds .. so the lack of availability of national capacity official to defend its interests, or take advantage of the return in building Iraq .. * during the symposium in the midst of the words and the discussions that followed the audience received a message (point of view) to the expert economic emigrants Dr. Kazem Habib followed its content on behalf of the economic expert on behalf of Jamil Antoine and titled (participate in the debate on the draft of Iraq’s accession to the World Trade Organization) and the reference to the membership of Dr. Habib in Iraqi Businessmen Union since 2008 and the initiative comes Dr. Habib to participate in this discussion back to what provoked colleagues many doubts and serious about the need for Iraq’s accession to the organization, including Drs Zaki, Fatah, Superficial inch, Farouk Younes, full-Mahdi, and Hoshyar known. * Habib presentation was made to the organization and held conferences with the terms of liberalization of foreign trade restrictions on the international level .. It oversees the day to 90% of the volume of international trade, although it is not official as is the case with my organization (International Monetary Fund) and (World Bank), where States are organized her limbs which does not not hold agreements with each other on in accordance with the terms agreed upon and in accordance with the principles that are going by this international organization. economic reality in Iraq Currently * Habib says this while trying to study any subject whatever its nature requires us it is diving deep into the subject and study it in all its aspects and basic knowledge of its effects and side effects of short term and long term consequences on society and public life of the people. He adds .. a lot of the Arab countries, while economists treat the subject of joining the World Trade Organization wondering about the four important issues: 1. Nature of the site occupied by this or that country in the international trading system. 2. The level of economic and social development, which reached the country in which to be linked to this organization. 3. What is the role of the development process. 4. Is familiarize officials in this country or that the nature of the evolution of this organization and conditions of access to it and the role of the major powers and their impact on the economies of these countries, especially the processes of industrial and agricultural development, and issues of employment and unemployment .. etc. * From here, while I am following the reality of the Iraqi economy during the past five decades first and then economic reality now supposed to refer to a number of important points: – The absence of a real strategy for development in the economy and the absence of a meaningful process of national development, including industrial and agricultural despite plans do not Taatnfz in any way. – intensified exceptional in nature rentier oil economy to become an enormous burden on the structure of the economy National rather than be pursuant active in economic development. – the height and weight relative in the formation of annual gross national income. – a sharp decline in the size of the industrial sector and agricultural production as compared with the seventies and the early years of the ninth decade of the twentieth century. – high volume of annual import rates fictional and became a drain on the bulk of the national income and revenue of crude oil, and that Iraq does not have a strong position and role in the international trade system, but is the site of a very weak. – continued expansion in government employment and the continued existence of unemployment and wide exposure of the country for many of the dilemmas of political, social and psychological. – financial and administrative corruption, which drains the resources of the state financial and abandon the development process. – the widening gap between the poor and Madma Iraq and the rich and Almisurien and the increasing number of fat cats and the bourgeoisie parasitic and owners of grace modern who do not go towards the development but towards activity parasite and configure accounts abroad. – terrorism, which contributes to vandalism The destruction and the disruption of development in addition to killing the broad people and the dimensions of the wounded and disabled for the economic process in general. enter Iraq for the Organization of causing damage to this side calls Habib in his economists to note the facts above clearly .. say .. that enter Iraq for the organization will not be in his favor in any way and at least the next ten years, as it will fly massive damage to Iraq through: 1. Msfah economy continued severe overseas export and import activities and drain portion growing year after year of its national income through foreign trade. 2. Actually deprive Iraq of developing the manufacturing industry, which fell very, and agricultural development, modernization and reduce the import of industrial and agricultural commodity consumer. 3. Flood Iraq with goods and capital from international monopolies, which will employ their capital in areas and sectors in which they wish to international capital without any consideration to the needs and necessities of the economic development of Iraq. 4. The continued rise in unemployment and thus the continuation of the worsening social problems. 5. Will contribute to international corruption and mafias international played a major role in perpetuating their role in the economy and society, especially since the financial corruption prevailed and became a system in force in Iraq. 6. This fact will prevent Iraq two important issues too, as confirmed by Habib, namely: * the growth of bourgeois industrial and agricultural country and paid to employers money or business to areas and sectors of the non-productive, instead of achieving capital accumulation desired in industry and agriculture. * It also will prevent the growth and development of the Iraqi working class Modern-related industrial and agricultural production and thus will remain backward class structure of society as it is now, where marginal groups continued to widen and the parasitic bourgeoisie and tattered groups that live on the Grand fitting and drain the financial resources of the people of the subconscious. 7. Position is very weak for the Iraqi government in possible negotiations with the organization’s political resulting from sectarian conflicts and worsening political and mismanagement of internal conflict on the part of the government, in addition to the current problems between the federal government and the provincial government and professional resulting from the dimensions of most of the technical capabilities and specialized for the Angels Iraq’s economic, Valmugod them Aesicar not to be reckoned with, and thereby increasing the current difficulties and the presence of terrorist forces local, regional and international interest is not stable Iraq and its progress and development.
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