Saleh discusses the importance of the WTO and Iraq’s eligibility

Saleh discusses the importance of the WTO and Iraq’s eligibility

8.5.13

appearance of Dr. Mohammed Saleh * built Iraq since 2003 policies open and wide around the world and sought to establish the rules of economic and legislative task of working according to the mechanisms of the market system, as it helped mostly on improving trade Iraq for Foreign Affairs, after the economic blockade lasted for more than a decade and odd time led to the marginalization of Iraq on the map of the world economic order and the denial of opportunities for investment, progress and development and technological knowledge that should have been appointed to cope with the developments and the rapid developments that took place for the international market and change their competitiveness sharply over the past two decades.

Thus, under Iraq suffers from the legacy of isolation from its surroundings international the midst of a world invaded streams merger of his companies and liberalization of its markets and integration, especially financial and sovereignty doctrine neo-liberal which required economic transformations and wide in the field of IT and financial services is consistent with the UN productive activity through the role that took play multinational companies and increased competitive advantage for products that began generated world markets.

and However, we find in the integration of financial markets, which touched the value of its assets over 850 trillion dollars, is the title of financial globalization and the focus of domination President in the global economy, the neo-liberal is at the same time represented didn Jump hubs of international trade and the introduction shift from the scope of GATT GATT, signed in 1948 to the WTO Agreement on WTO, which focused the last to organize a broad spectrum of trade in services, especially financial services and renamed the Annexes to the Convention on GATS in 1994 based on the rounds of Uruguay.

While not exceed the global GDP 70 trillion dollars annually at the present time, and also did not increase value of world trade in goods and services annually is the other, but less than a third of global output mentioned above, we find that trade in currency converter and speculation in which more than about 4 and a half trillion dollars a day in the markets, international monetary and financial a trade speculative financial totaling more than the annual more than fifty times the total world trade in goods and services activity.

In the midst of these changes in the commercial space and the international financial, go Iraq to organizational levels are important in the transition to a market economy to break the effects of isolation of international cross-engage in the area of strong economic liberalism centered in the liberation of the areas of trade Iraq’s foreign goods and services and ways of financing, although volatility or uncertainty organization, as well as areas of progress in financial services and improving the environment for foreign investment through legislation legal banking, investment and the central bank law and amend the Companies Act, allowing foreign banks to operate in Iraq and allows the transfer of capital and currency and in a manner that serves the openness of Iraq on the world conditions of the economy yield a central ungainly in understanding market liberalism, which led with it to provide opportunities for positive and the foundations of legal, regulatory and promising business environment in Iraq. ,

but all that is not enough to put Iraq on the path of economic competition international. because there are still more than five thousand a text legislative impeding economic freedom and market activity, holds the legal community today considered that would spend as modified so that Iraq’s integration in trade and international investment and prepare for accession to the World Trade Organization under the terms of its membership in order to get our country on the MFN and national treatment principle.

paradox oil and agriculture and the problems of joining other in the time that is dominated by the oil production on the proportion of about 60 Palmihmn components of GDP, but he ايستخدم only 2 percent of the labor force in Iraq.

It is interesting that the labor force in the country to اتشكل only 22 percent of the total population who are able and willing to work, which means there is a disruption of a vast in the composition of human wealth produced and the ability to invest, particularly women’s labor force ones that complain of negligence, ignorance and illiteracy on a large scale.

While a country’s exports of crude oil and returns absolute majority semi percentage of the total export revenue of the general budget and the outcome of the country’s foreign exchange. In the face of all that, the WTO ruled out of crude oil being a commodity within the range of goods that are traded internationally, which still forms the core of the contradiction in Iraq’s accession to that organization, which excludes crude oil.

If the WTO allowed the introduction into account the oil to leave the price is determined by supply and demand world away from the cartel or consumer groups and the representative of the International Organization for power lines and programs to rationalize the demand for oil. Or away from the cartel or gatherings producers represented by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and its role in the regulation of production and the impact on prices, which put restrictions price and quantity of a commodity business, but strategic and political at the same time, which is the driving force behind the trade of Iraq’s foreign.

And on the other side of the Iraqi economy, we find the agricultural sector, which includes one-third of Iraq’s population and about 22 percent of the labor force actual Aashm in GDP, but by not exceeding 5.7 percent at best, making the country almost a net importer of food Aowalsla agriculture. As this important sector, which was the militarization and neglect over the past thirty years, to possess the ingredients sufficient in providing food security of grain or production requirements agricultural after shrinking acreage produced by desertification and salinization, and poor infrastructure in it that overcome the disabling more than 80 percent of the arable land.

Wan Security grain from domestic production is still available at rates not exceeding 40 percent of the crop of wheat in the best of cases, and almost to ايذكر for varieties other covered by imports almost absolute, such as rice and other field crops.

Here contradicts the agricultural sector, with the oil sector structural trends in openness to the world market and wings different in terms of the impact of benefits and business costs.

Has become the market forces or global supply and demand controls strongly, both in the demand for oil and its impact on the value of Iraqi exports or in the presentation of the food and its impact on the cost of Iraq’s imports of them.

And when you return to the philosophy of reducing restrictions customs by 24 percent and the abolition of restrictions customs which the conditions imposed by the World Trade Organization on the Member State in the group of developing countries to work out and apply within a period of six years from the date of accession, as well as the reduction of agricultural subsidies by 13.3 percent during the period of ten years of accession. these conditions collide with market conditions and agricultural food Stock Exchange.

If you look at monopolies the world’s agricultural front of the deterioration of agricultural development in Iraq, we find a real threat to food security restricts the country in case of joining the organization unless preceded by a start racing or walk in the agricultural program for self-sufficiency and we really will need a green revolution along the lines of what was done Mexico and many countries in Latin America.

Especially if ماعرفنا is that there are between 3 to 6 major monopolistic companies in the world control 80 to 90 percent of trade in agricultural crops and control of prices and quantities, such as wheat, sugar, tea, coffee, cotton, jute … Etc.. At a time still dominated by ten multinational companies to one-third of the production and trade of seeds and pesticides in the world.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the entering Iraq and regularity in the space of global economic via the WTO and its dealings with international groups terms apply to everyone technically at a time still when the world divided between northern and southern countries or countries industrial center of Advanced and Pacific developing, what on Iraq from the option to leave the isolation of international inherited since the siege, which began in 1990 and that the situation in Iraq under Chapter VII of the UN Charter even completed on June 30, 2013, which chapter, which did not provide for Iraq, but negative economic environment hostile to development and possibly disruptive for natural integration into the global market.

Where the prohibition of that chapter and Madarthelath Twenty-year-old levels of investment in advanced technology Awaltaati facilitator where with the world because of the imposed restrictions on our country until very recently being the countries high-risk and threatening world peace and legalization use of force against him despite the demise of the substantive reasons imposed economic sanctions, which on Iraq at the time.

noting that Iraq’s accession to the areas of regional economic, as a greater Arab free trade and other economic agreements within the scope of the Arab League or other forms of integration and regional integration, it is necessary to take into account the implementation of the provisions contained in the Convention of the Organization and before the World Trade GATT, which became both two limitations are obliged to implement trade agreements.

Thus, any trade concessions in the framework of regional conventions become without the benefit or if the value is below the facilities provided in the framework of the World Trade Organization. Of elite speak, that Iraq remains isolated from the surroundings international without the availability of a climate of interaction with the market illiteracy and regulations of international, and in particular the World Trade Organization, cost him a lot because of the loss of the benefits and opportunities for regulatory and benefits of technological, legal and other areas of investment, arbitration and ensure that intellectual property rights and to address the plunging commodity, etc.

It opportunities that Ayufarha his isolation from the world orderly and can not be of a gradual transition to a stable countries and few risks and aspiring to shift towards openness approach to the world, a shift that promotes international cooperation in the investment environment and international trade and regional safe.

taking into account the importance of Masyuverh Iraq’s accession to the Organization of providing protection for the work force Iraqi expatriate working outside the country and not less than estimates of a million to a million half Operated spreads mostly in parts of the world first, paralleled at the same time the capital of Iraqi expatriate is adrift to some extent, exposed to the potential for exposure and narrow your chances of legal defense their rights, as well as weak bargaining power in the protection of their money, so the lack of availability of national capacity official to defend its interests, or even take advantage of the return in the reconstruction of Iraq.,

and such a pattern of alienation extreme production factors Iraq, despite the problems suffered its interests in the areas of set up outside Iraq, in many cases, to abuse and the loss of rights, it still ايلغي جفاؤها with incubator country’s economic and voluntary return to the country as a function of producing effective, but the availability of the ability to integrate official of Iraq in the global trading system and its institutions represented by the World Trade Organization and in accordance with the basis of a negotiated fair . * Senior Economist

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